HA Sustainable Infrastructure Capital, Inc. Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value accounting guidance provides a three-level hierarchy for classifying financial instruments. The levels of inputs used to determine the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities carried on the balance sheet at fair value and for those which only disclosure of fair value is required are characterized in accordance with the fair value hierarchy established by ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements. Where inputs for a financial asset or liability fall in more than one level in the fair value hierarchy, the financial asset or liability is classified in its entirety based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of that financial asset or liability. We use our judgment and consider factors specific to the financial assets and liabilities in determining the significance of an input to the fair value measurements. As of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, only our residual assets related to our securitization trusts, interest rate swaps and investments, if any, were carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets on a recurring basis. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:


•	Level 1—Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date.


•	Level 2—Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data.


•	Level 3—Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available.

The tables below illustrate the estimated fair value of our financial instruments on our balance sheet. Unless otherwise discussed below, fair value for our Level 2 and Level 3 measurements is measured using a discounted cash flow model, contractual terms and inputs which consist of base interest rates and spreads over base rates which are based upon market observation and recent comparable transactions. An increase in these inputs would result in a lower fair value and a decline would result in a higher fair value. Our senior unsecured notes and convertible notes are valued using a market based approach and observable prices. The receivables held-for-sale, if any, are carried at the lower of cost or fair value.



	As of December 31, 2019
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Level
	(in millions)
Assets
Government receivables	$	278	$	263	Level 3
Commercial receivables	906		896		Level 3
Investments ⁽¹⁾	75		75		Level 3
Securitization residual assets ⁽²⁾	122		122		Level 3
Liabilities
Credit facilities ⁽³⁾	$	31	$	31	Level 3
Non-recourse debt ⁽³⁾	739		716		Level 3
Senior unsecured notes ⁽³⁾	540		520		Level 2
Convertible notes ⁽³⁾	185		152		Level 2


(1)	The amortized cost of our investments as of December 31, 2019, was $74 million.


(2)	Included in the securitization assets line of our consolidated balance sheets. This amount excludes securitization servicing assets, which are carried at amortized cost.


(3)	Fair value and carrying value exclude unamortized debt issuance costs.



	As of December 31, 2018
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Level
	(in millions)
Assets
Government receivables	$	487	$	497	Level 3
Commercial receivables	443		447		Level 3
Investments ⁽¹⁾	170		170		Level 3
Securitization residual assets ⁽²⁾	71		71		Level 3
Liabilities
Credit facilities ⁽³⁾	$	259	$	259	Level 3
Non-recourse debt ⁽³⁾	835		852		Level 3
Convertible notes ⁽³⁾	139		152		Level 2


(1)	The amortized cost of our investments as of December 31, 2018, was $173 million.


(2)	Included in the securitization assets line of our consolidated balance sheets. This amount excludes securitization servicing assets which are carried at amortized cost.


(3)	Fair value and carrying value exclude unamortized debt issuance costs.

Investments

The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balances for our Level 3 investments that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis:



	For the year ended December 31,
	2019			2018
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	170		$	151
Purchases of investments	46			25
Payments on investments	(4		)	(5		)
Sale of investments	(146		)	—
Realized gains on investments recorded in gain on sale of receivables and investments	5			—
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments recorded in OCI	4			(1		)
Balance, end of period	$	75		$	170

The following table illustrates our investments in an unrealized loss position:



	Estimated Fair Value				Unrealized Losses ⁽¹⁾
	Securities with a loss shorter than 12 months		Securities with a loss longer than 12 months		Securities with a loss shorter than 12 months		Securities with a loss longer than 12 months
	(in millions)
December 31, 2019	$	25	$	8	$	0.4	$	0.7
December 31, 2018	82		67		1.1		3.3

(1) Loss position is due to interest rates movements. We have the intent and ability to hold these investments until a recovery of fair value.

In determining the fair value of our investments, we used a market-based risk-free rate and a range of interest rate spreads of approximately 1% to 4% based upon transactions involving similar assets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. The weighted average discount rate used to determine the fair value of our investments as of December 31, 2019 was 4.4%.

Securitization residual assets

The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balances for our Level 3 securitization residual assets that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis:



	For the year ended December 31,
	2019			2018
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	71		$	45
Accretion of securitization residual assets	4			3
Additions to securitization residual assets	59			25
Collections of securitization residual assets	(7		)	(3		)
Sales of securitization residual assets	(13		)	—
Unrealized gains (losses) on securitization residual assets recorded in OCI	8			1
Balance, end of period	$	122		$	71

In determining the fair value of our securitization residual assets, we used a market-based risk-free rate and a range of interest rate spreads of approximately 1% to 4% based upon transactions involving similar assets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. The weighted average discount rate used to determine the fair value of our securitization residual assets as of December 31, 2019 was 4.4%.

Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements

Our financial statements may include non-recurring fair value measurements related to acquisitions and non-monetary transactions, if any. Assets acquired in a business combination are recorded at their fair value. We may use third party valuation firms to assist us with developing our estimates of fair value.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Government and commercial receivables, real estate leases, and debt investments consist primarily of U.S. federal government-backed receivables, investment grade state and local government receivables and receivables from various sustainable infrastructure projects and do not, in our view, represent a significant concentration of credit risk. See Note 6 for an analysis by type of obligor and the method of rating. Additionally, our investments are collateralized by projects concentrated in certain geographic regions throughout the United States. We have structural credit protections to mitigate our risk exposure and, in most cases, the projects are insured for estimated physical loss which helps to mitigate the possible risk from these concentrations.

We had cash deposits that are subject to credit risk as shown below:



	December 31,
	2019		2018
	(in millions)
Cash deposits	$	6	$	21
Restricted cash deposits (included in other assets)	101		38
Total cash deposits	$	107	$	59
Amount of cash deposits in excess of amounts federally insured	$	105	$	57

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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